tyler



3 Sheets-4116M 1.

Patented July 11 (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet ,2.

' H. L. TYLER.

DYNAMO ELEGTRIG MACHINE- No. 501,117. Patented July 11,1893.

H, V 7 e ll IHIIIIlllIl-Wl (No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 3.

H. L. TYLER.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

No. 501,117. Patented July 11,1893.

i E i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY L. TYLER, OF CORNING, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF TWO-THIRDS TO JOHNMAGEE AND LOUIS P. MILLER, OF SAME PLACE.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 501,117, dated July 11,1893.

Application filed October 1'7, 1892. Serial No. 449,074. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, HARRY L. TYLER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Corning, in the county of Steuben and State of New 5 York,have invented a new and useful Dynamo, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to electric generators commonly termed dynamos;and it has for its object to construct a machine of this character ofcomparatively few parts, while at the same time attaining greatefficiency.

To this end the invention primarily eontemplates a generator,self-exciting in character, and which, while being capable ofmaintenance at a low cost and with slight attention, at the same time ispositively noiseless and sparkless, which is due to the novelconnections and features claimed.

With these and many other objects in view, which will readily appear asthe nature of the invention is better understood, the same consists inthe novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts hereinaftermore fully described, illustrated and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings :-Figure l is a perspective view of anelectric generator constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2is a vertical longitudinal sec- 0 tional view thereof. Fig. 3 is avertical sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 2. Fig. at is an enlargeddetail in perspective of the double pole changer. Fig. 5 is a similarview of the rotating field magnet. Fig. 6 is a dia- 5 grammatie view ofa modification of the pole changer.

Referring to the accompanying drawings: A represents a suitable base orframe upon which the various parts of the machine are 0 mounted.

Securely bolted on the frame A, is a T- shaped armature base B, whichprojects between and receives the lower ends 0, of the laminatedstationary armature D. The lami- 5 nated armature D, is of the ring typeand is provided atits inner lower ends w1th the angle grooves E, whichreceive the beveled circuit closing block F, registering withsaidgrooves and completing the circle of the ring in order to close themagnetic circuit thereof. The

said armature D, is incased by the usual protective covering G, and isdesigned to accommodate the several separate and independent coils H, ineach of which currents are induced by the revolving field magnet, whichis designed to be inclosed within said stationary armature to securethis result.

It will now be observed that the principle of induction in the presentinvention, involves a direct reversal of the construction of ordinarydynamos, in which the field magnets are stationary, and the armature andinduction coils are revolved, it being found that better results aresecured, as well as more convenient and greater number of connectionsattained, by having the armature and induction coils thereon stationary.With this principle in view, the machine herein described is constructedsubstantially as set forth.

Each of the induction coils H, may comprise a group of small coils it,connected in series and soldered at their terminals as at 7t, as will bereadily apparent, and as illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings three ofsaid groups of coils H, are connected in series with each other by theconnecting wires 71?, and the terminals of these several coils end atthe binding posts J, which receive the wires of the external circuit, sothat each group of coils contributes to the current of the externalcircuit, but it will of course be readily understood, by those skilledin the art, that each separate coil can maintain a separate and distinctexternal circuit of its own, which might be of advantage in usingthesame machine for different purposes at the same time. As illustrated,the remaining group of coils which may be designated as H, is placed ona closed circuit with the field magnet to be described, in order toexcite the same, and also in connection with such closed circuit toavoid sparking.

Arranged at each open end of the armature D, are the bearing standardsor brackets I, in which is journaled the rotating field magnet shaft J,carrying at one end thereof the usual band wheel j, and to which issecured the hub K, from which radiate the field magnets L,

which comprise a multipolar field magnet having the usual shaped polepieces M. The field magnets L, are arranged in pairs of any desirednumber, preferably corresponding to the coils on the armature, butnecessarily corresponding in number to the segments on the pole changingdevices to be hereinafter described. The entire field magnet includingthe exterior faces of the pole pieces, is inclosed in a non-magneticcylindrical case N, which while not interfering with the lines of forceand the necessary induction of currents, at the same time not onlyavoids the churning of the air and thereby renders the field magnet moreeasily run and reduces the requisite horse-power, but at the same timeprevents the vibrations of the poles, which goes much toward the burringand buzzing of the machine while in operation, and which is adisagreeable feature of dynamos.

Each pair of field magnets L, are connected in series with each other,so that their poles will always be of the same polarity, and thereforeas clearly shown in Fig. 5, a separate wire is employed for the windingof each pair of magnets. To clearly illustrate this, reference may behad to the arrows and figures illustrating the direction of the current.The shaft of the field magnet is hollow at one end to accommodate theseveral wires of the field magnet as illustrated, and now taking thewire 1, the current passes therethrough and around the core of thelowermost magnet in a direction so as to produce a south polarity. Thesame wire passes to and connects in series the magnet directly opposite,and is wound in an opposite direction there-around, so as to produce thesame polarity, which in this set is south, and leaving the upper magnet,the wire 1, passes out through the shaft, as illustrated and to the polechanging devices to be presently described. Now taking the wire 2, wefind that it enters in the direction of the arrow, and passes to one ofthe opposite set of magnets and is wound therearound in a direction soas to produce a magnet of north polarity, and this same wire isconnected in series with the magnet directly opposite so as to producethe same polarity, and passes in the direction indicated by the arrowsthrough the hollow shaft. Now by winding the field magnets as described,so as to connect the magnets of each pair in series to have the samepolarity, it will be seen that each alternate pair of magnets is ofopposite polarity, and by the means to be presently described thepolarity of each pair never changes, and furthermore, that the currentis in only one pair of coils at the same time, and it will of course bereadily understood that to keep up this constant unvarying polarity ofthe field magnets, it is necessary that as the current alternates in theexciting coil or coils as the case may be, of the armature, means mustbe provided for directing the current alternately through the oppositefield magnet coils.

Fixedly secured upon one end, or at least,

the hollow end of the shaft J, is the pole changer 0, comprising theparallel duplicate disks P, which disks are spaced apart by the centralor intermediate spacing sleeve p, and are held onto the shaft by meansof the securing collar 1), threaded at its outer end to receive theclamping nut or ring 99 Fixedly secured on the periphery of the polechanger disks P, is a series of segmental contact plates Q, saidsegmental contact plates Q, being directly opposite to each other and incorresponding positions on both disks, and are of course insulated attheir ends from the adjacent pairs of plates, said pairs of platescorresponding in number to the number of magnets in the field magnet.The field magnet wires 1 and 2 are connected and cross connected tothesegmental plates of the pole changer in the manner now to bedescribed. By reference to Figs. 1, 4 and 5, the connections describedwill be clear. Taking the wire 1 as it leaves the uppermost magnet coilclearly shown in Fig. 5, the same passes through the hollow shaft J, andthrough the outer opened end thereof. Thence the wire 1 passes throughthe outermost pole changer disk and is connected at 9:, to one of thesegmental contact plates of the inner disk. A cross-connecting wire 1,leads from the connection as, to the next alternate contact plate on thesame disk, but when the pole changer is in the position shown in Fig. 1,the current passes from the contact plate with which the wire 1, isdirectly connected, to the brush R, contacting therewith. From the brushR, the current passes in the direction indicated by the arrow over thewire 1, to the field magnet exciting coil H, of the stationary armatureD, in which coil the current is induced in the direction indicated, sothat the same leaves the coil over the wire 1*, and is connected to acorresponding brush R, standing parallel with and adjacent to the brushR, so as to contact with the segmental contact plates of the outermostdisk corresponding in position to the plate of the innermost disk, andtherefore leads the current onto the returningportion of the wire 1. Thereturning portion of the wire 1, is connected as at 0:, to the segmentplate of the outermost disk and leads therefrom through the hollow shaftas indicated by arrows back to the same pairof field magnets from whichit was led. A cross connecting wire 1 leads from the connection 00' tothe next alternate segment plate to correspond to and be a duplicateconnection of the innermost disk. Th usit will be seen that one disk ofthe pole changer takes the current from the armature coilH, and leads itto one set of field magnets, while the other disk takes the current onits return from the same set or pair of field magnets and thus closesthe circuitwith their exciting coil. As the contact plates, connectedwith the two terminals of the wire 1, leave the brushes R and R,respectively, it will be readily seen that the current from the excitingcoils H, is taken off from the pair of mag nets just described, andcirouited onto the next pair of magnets through the next adjacentcontact plates of the pole changer disks. Assuming the brushes to be incontact with the next pair of contact plates Q, or at least assuming thepole changer to. have made a quarter revolution from the position shownin Fig. 1, the circuit is closed through the exciting coil H and thewire 2, of the next pair of magnets of the exciting field magnet. Withthe pole changer in the position just noted, the wire 2, as it leavesthe coil of one of the north pole magnets passes through the hollowshaft J and the outer open end thereof, and is connected as at y, to oneofthe segmental contact plates of the outer disk, and said wire by across connecting wire 2 is connected to the next alternate contact plateon the same disk. In the position assumed, the brush R, is on thecontact plate to which the wire 2, leads from the connection y, and thecurrent therefore passes back over the wire, 4", to the exciting coil,H, inasmuch as the current is induced in the exciting coil in analternate or opposite direction to that described, owing to the changein position of the poles of the field. The current therefore leads fromthe coil H over the wire to the brush R, and therefore to the contactplate of the innermost disk corresponding to the plate of the outermostdisk to which the wire 2", is connected. From the plate of the innermostdisk to which the current is led from the exciting coil, the saidcurrent passes over the cross-connecting wire 2 to the next alternatecontact plate ofthesame disk,andis connected thereto as at if, fromwhich the main positive portion of the Wire 2, leads, through theoutermost disk and the hollowshatt to the north pole magnets which itexcites. By reason of the cross connecting of the contact plates of thepole changer, it will be seen that at every quarter revolution of thepole changer, the same pair or set of magnets in the field magnet isexcited from the exciting coil H, while the other pair of magnets in thefield magnet is not excited, electrically, from the exciting coil H,inasmuch as such pair of magnets is not in the circuit of said excitingcoil, but it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art,that the magnets of this pair are excited or charged from the coils ofthe other pair through which the current is now passing, inasmuch as thelines of force are drawn in by the charged coils and directed to theother magnets, and it will be further observed by those skilled in theart, that a current of slight degree is induced in the inactive coils,which current is short circuited through the connected brushes S,arranged so as to contact with the next pair of contact plates on thepole changing disks, adjacent to the pair with which the brushes R and Rcontact. Now it will be clearer that the magnets of the field magnet arealways of a constant unvarying polarity, so that the field magnet may besaid to be constantly charged,

although only one pair of magnets is charged directly from the excitingcoil H, at a time. This is an advantageous point in dynamostructure,inasmuch as one pole, which is constant in its polarity, isalways followed by a pole of different polarity, to cause the usualalternate induction of currents in the induction coils. Thisconstruction provides for a constant closed circuit between the excitingcoils and the field magnet, so as to avoid sparking, while at the sametime securing a high degree of potential energy from the several coilsin which currents are induced.

It will be obvious that the number of the poles of the exciting fieldmagnet may beincreased at the option of the manufacturer, but in thisevent the pole changer must be constructed so as to have a correspondingnumberof segment plates, which modification is illustrated indiagrammatic Fig. ('3, in which the disks are shown in different sizesto fully illustrate the connections.

Fig. 6 shows a pole changer adapted for a six-pole field magnet, inwhich the magnets are connected three in a series, so that the wires 1,from the coils are connected by the crossconnecting wire l ,with everyalternate contact plate of both segments to secure to same result asthat described, while the terminals of the wire 2", from the other coilof the field is connected by the cross-connecting wires 2,

with every alternate contact plate of the two disks of the pole changer,as will be readily understood, in order to alternately pass the currentfrom the exciting coil into the field magnet coils.

From the above it is thought that the construction, operation and manyadvantages of the herein described generator, will now be apparent.

If so desired good results are secured by connecting the several fieldmagnet coils in series with the charging coil of the armature. To effectthis the current is carried from the exciting coil H, over the wire 0*to the brush R, as illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 1. The currentthen passes from the innermost pole changer disk to one pair of magnetcoils and back to the outermost disk, from which the current is takenthrough the brush R, and over a short circuit wire as, to the outermostof the brushes S. The current then returns to the other field magnetcoils and back again to the innermost disk, from which it is led throughthe innermost of the brushes S, back to the exciting coil of thearmature. These latter connections also provide means wherein thecharging current is taken to the field coils simultaneously, and alwaysin the same direction, while at the same time avoiding any possibilityof sparking, as noted for the other connection.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patcut, is a 1. In an electric generator, the combination ofa T-shaped base, a stationary ring arn1a- IOO ITO

ture having extended lower ends registering with the T-shaped base andprovided with inner angle grooves, a beveled circuit closingblockregisteringwith said grooves to complete the circle of the ring andclose the magnetic circuit thereof, a series of induction coils arrangedon the armature, a rotating field magnet within the same, andconnections from the field magnet to one or more coils of the armature,substantially as set forth.

2. In a magneto-electric machine, the combination with a stationaryarmature, having a series of separate and independent induction coils,'arotating multi-polar field magnet revolving within the armature, and anonmagnetic cylindrical case inclosing the entire exterior portion ofsaid field magnet, substantially as set forth.

3. In an electric generator, the combination of a stationary ringarmature, a circuit closing block connecting the adjacent ends of thearmature to close the magnetic circuit thereof, a series of separate andindependent induction coils coiled on the armature, alternate pairs ofrevolving field magnets moving inside of the armature, a non-magneticcase inclosing the entire set of field magnets inside of the armature,separate field magnet coil wires connecting the magnets of each pairseparately in series to produce a constant polarity in each pair, a polechanger connected with the separate coil wires to charge the sameseparately and alternately, and wires leading from one or more of theinduction coils to said pole changers, substantially as set forth.

4. In a magneto electric machine, the stationary armature havinginduction coils, alternate pairs of revolving field magnets mov' ingWithin the armature, separate field magnet coil wires connecting themagnets of each pairseparatelyin series to produce a constant polarityin each pair, the polarity of the pairs alternating with each other, apole changer connected with the separate coil Wires to charge the samealternately and separately, wires leading from one or more of thearmature coils to said pole changer to feed the coils of the fieldmagnet, and a short circuit connection with said pole changer to shortcircuit the induced current in the uncharged or unfed field magnetcoils, substantially as set forth.

5. In a magneto electric machine, a stationary armature having inductioncoils, the revolving multi-polar field magnet, separate coil wiresconnecting pairs of the field magnets in series, a pole changercomprising parallel duplicate disks having separated contact plates,connecting wires connecting the terminals of the field magnet coils withthe alternate plates of each disk, the two pairs of brushes, thecharging wires leading to one pair of brushes, and a short circuitconnection to the other pair, substantially as set forth.

6. In a magneto electric machine, a stationary armature having inductioncoils, the revolving multi-polar field magnet, separate coil wiresconnect'n g pairs of the field in aguets in series, a pole changercomprising parallel duplicate disks having corresponding parallelseparated contact plates, crossconnecting wires connecting the twoterminals of each field magnet wire with alternate contact plates of theseparate disks, respectively, two pairs of brushes, the charging wiresleading from an armature coil to one pair of brushes and a short circuitconnection with the other pair, substantially as set forth.

7. In a magneto electric machine, a stationary armature having inductioncoils, the revolving muti-polar field magnet, separate coil wiresconnecting the field magnets in series, the pole changer comprisingduplicate disks having separated contact plates alternately connectedwith each other and the field magnet wire terminals, two pairs ofbrushes adapted to contact with adjacent pairs of contact plates at thesame time, the armature coil having its terminals connected to one ofHARRY L. TYLER.

Witnesses:

J. H. Siccnns, H. G. PIERSON.

